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Gastric Bypass Procedures for Weight Loss Surgery: Things You Need to Know

Gastric bypass is a kind of bariatric surgery intended to cut down food intake. A small pouch is created to limit the amount of food you can take and bypasses on segments of the small intestine are constructed to reduce its ability to absorb nutrients. Gastric bypass is an extensive procedure performed under general anesthesia and takes up to four hours to complete.

How is gastric byspass performed? There are currently two techniques for gastric bypass, Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass and biliopancreatic diversion bypass.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RGB) is the most commonly performed gastric bypass procedure in the United States because it is less complicated and least likely to result in nutritional difficulties. The procedure creates a small stomach pouch to limit food intake and the small intestine is attached to the pouch to reduce calorie and nutrient absorption. This is known as stomach stapling.

RGB can be done in two ways: traditional and laparoscopic Traditional Roux-en-Y is performed through open surgery with one long incision. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y uses a laparoscope, a thin instrument that allows the surgeon to view the inside of the abdomen on a TV monitor. This procedure causes less scarring and lets the patient recover faster.

Biliopancreatic diversion bypass

Biliopancreatic diversion bypass is more extensive than Roux-en-Y.This complicated gastric bypass aims for a smaller stomach that holds less food. The procedure removes the lower portion of the stomach and a small pouch is left to connect directly to the final segment of the small intestine. This procedure bypasses both the duodenum and jejunum to cause malabsorption of nutrients. Similar to RGB, biliopancreatic diversion bypass is employed through open surgery and with one long incision. It leaves a permanent scar. This procedure is not as widely used as RGB because of the high risk for nutritional deficiencies.

Advantages of Gastric Bypass

Those who undergo bariatric surgery or weight loss surgery can achieve significant weight loss in two years since a large section of the stomach is bypassed that severely restricts the amount of food that the person can consume. The food that is consumed must be rich in protein and highly nutritious so that dietary requirements are met. The person will most likely be unable to tolerate sugars and carbohydrates which contribute to weight loss.

Gastric bypass also has positive effects on common weight-related health problems such as heart disease, hypertension and diabetes. Patients with Type 2 diabetes has been known to improve after the surgery.

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